Improvements relating to catalyst systems

摘要

The organo-aluminium component of a polymerization catalyst (see Division C3) is a compound having the structure where R and R1 are alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or R1 may be hydrogen; R11 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; a is 1 or 2; X is -O-, -S- or and Q is one of the following Extensive lists of these organo-aluminium compounds are given. They may be made by reacting dialkyl-aluminium hydrides or alkyl aluminium dihydrides with the appropriate olefine, usually in a solvent, which can be excess of the olefine, and in an inert atmosphere. Alternatively they may be made by reacting dialkyl aluminium halides or alkyl aluminium halohydrides with primary halogen-substituted ethers, thioethers or tertiary amines. In the examples:-(1) (3-diethylaminopropyl) diisobutyl aluminium is prepared by reacting diisobutyl aluminium hydride with N, N-diethylallylamine and heating the mixture for 4 hours at 90 DEG to 100 DEG C. under nitrogen. After cooling to 40 DEG C. and removing excess N,N-diethylallylamine, the residue is fractionally distilled to give as one fraction (3-diethylaminopropyl) diisobutyl aluminium. (2) (3-ethoxypropyl) diisobutyl aluminium is prepared by reacting allylethyl ether with diisobutyl-aluminium hydride and (9) (3-n-propylmercaptopropyl) diisobutyl aluminium is prepared by reacting allylpropylsulphide with diisobutyl aluminium hydride.ALSO:Homo- and copolymers of a -olefines are prepared using a catalyst comprising vanadium tetrachloride and an organo-aluminium compound having the structure or where R and R1 are alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or R1 may be hydrogen; R11 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; a is 1 or 2; X is -o-, -S- or and Q is one of the following , , there being at least one molar proportion of organo-aluminium compound for each molar proportion of vanadium tetrachloride. The catalyst may be prepared and used in an inert organic solvent and it may be preformed or formed in situ. Extensive lists of organometallic compounds are given. a -monolefines of formula Y-CH=CH2 where Y is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing not more than 16 carbon atoms may be homo-polymerized or co-polymerized with one another or with at least one non-conjugated hydrocarbon diene. Dienes mentioned are (a) dicyclopentadiene; (b) open-chain aliphatic C6-C22 dienes having the formula where R1 is an alkylene radical, R2 and R3 are the same or different and are hydrogen or alkyl radicals and R4 is an alkyl radical; (c) 5-alkenyl-substituted -2- norbornenes where each A is H or a C1 to C6 alkyl and B is a monovalent alkenyl radical having an internal carbon-to-carbon double bond; (d) 5-alkylidene-2-norbornenes where R11 and R12 are H or alkyl radicals having a total between them of up to 16 carbon atoms; and (e) 2-alkyl-2, 5-norbornadienes where R13 is a C1 to C8 alkyl radical. Lists of homo- and copolymers are given. In the examples ethylene/propylene copolymers are prepared using as organometallic compounds (3-diethyl-aminopropyl)diisobuty aluminium, (3-ethoxy-propyl)diisobutyl aluminium or (3-n-propyl-mercaptopropyl)diisobutyl aluminium. Ethylene/propylene/1, 4-hexadiene copolymers are prepared using as organometallic compound (3-ethoxypropyl)diisobutylaluminium, and a copolymer of ethylene/propylene/11-ethyl-1, 11-tridecadiene is prepared using (3-ethoxypropyl)-diisobutyl aluminium. Other organometallic compounds mentioned in the examples are (4-methoxybutyl) diethylaluminium; (3-ethoxy-propyl) di-n-octyl aluminium; (3-ethoxypropyl) isobutyl aluminium hydride; [2-(2-furyl)ethyl] diisobutyl aluminium; (4-dimethylaminobutyl) di -noctyl aluminium; (3-diethylaminopropyl) diethyl aluminium and (4-ethylmercaptobutyl) diethyl aluminium. The copolymer produced may be vulcanized.