Improvements in the treatment of cellulosic textile materials

摘要

Cellulosic textile materials are crease-proofed and stiffened by impregnating them with (a) water (b) formaldehyde, (c) at least 0.003 gram molecules per 100 gm of cellulose of a catalyst which is a metal salt which is soluble to the extent of at least 0.03 gram molecules per litre in water at 20 DEG C. and pH5 and is zinc sulphate or a salt of a Group II metal of the Mendeleeff Periodic Table with a monobasic and which would be ionized to the extent of at least 50% if in normal aqueous solution at 18 DEG C. and (d) at least 0.50 gm per 100 gm of cellulose of a polymeric stiffening agent which is capable of reacting with formaldehyde, the impregnation with formaldehyde, catalyst and water being at a pH value of at least 5 and the molecular ratio of catalyst to formaldehyde being at least 1:17, and then drying and heating the impregnated material to cross-link the cellulose and bind the stiffening agent to the cellulose. The formaldehyde, which may be in the form of paraformaldehyde, catalyst and stiffener may be applied from the same or different aqueous solutions which may contain other solvents, e.g. methanol and ethanol. Suitable catalysts are calcium chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate and thiocyenate, magnesium nitrate, chloride, bromide, perchlorate and iodide, zinc chloride sulphate, and nitrate and strontium, barium and cadmium chlorides, and suitable stiffeners are starch, hydroxyethyl starch, carboxymethyl starch, oxidised starches, hydrolysed starches, acylated starches, alkylated starches, dialdehyde starch, dextran, dextran derivatives, gelatin, dextrin, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, locust bean gum, casin, soyabean protein, albumin, algin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl methyl ether. The pH values of the treating solutions may be buffered by the addition of sodium carbonate, bicarbonate or hydroxide. The impregnated material may be dried at 30 DEG -100 DEG C. and then cured by heating to 110 DEG -180 DEG C. for from 5 seconds to 30 minutes. Woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics comprising cotton or regenerated cellulose fibres alone or in admixture with acetone soluble cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, polyamide, polyester or polyacrylonitrile fibres may be treated. Specifications 936,761, and 982,812 also are referred to.