METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING HEAT TO A REGION AROUND A HOLE

摘要

A heater comprising: at least one carrier comprising: a first electrically functional layer disposed on the carrier; a second electrically functional layer disposed on the carrier and in contact with the first electrically functional layer; and one or more electrical conductors connected to the first electrically functional layers for applying power to the heater; wherein the heater includes one or more of the following features: (1) heating around the through holes in the heater (2) variable widths of the electrically functional layers so that the current density in the heating regions is constant; (3) multiple discrete carriers that are electrically connected; and (4) split buss bars that provide an equal current density around the through holes and to the heating regions.