| 摘要 |
<p>Catalytic thermolytic treatment of organic waste, in which the shredded organic waste is decomposed in an indirectly heated main reactor (1), comprises: e.g. (a) mixing the shredded waste in a feeding device (41) together with an aggregate mixture and tar originating from the process by a horizontally arranged feed screw (4); (b) supplying the obtained mixture into a vertically disposed main reactor; and (c) conveying the resulting raw gas and the primary coke through the transfer in to a coke reactor (2) which is arranged parallel with the main reactor. Catalytic thermolytic treatment of organic waste, in which the shredded organic waste is decomposed in an indirectly heated main reactor (1), comprises: (a) mixing the shredded waste in a feeding device (41) together with an aggregate mixture and tar originating from the process by a horizontally arranged feed screw (4); (b) supplying the obtained mixture into a vertically disposed main reactor, in which through a first conveying device (11) in a period of 20-60 minutes, preferably 35-45 minutes feed located on the bottom transfers to the top at 500-550[deg] C; (c) conveying the resulting raw gas and the primary coke through the transfer in to a coke reactor (2), which is arranged parallel with the main reactor; (d) downwardly moving by a second conveying device, where the coke in the primary coke and further crude gas are decomposed by after decomposition process; (e) supplying the coke at the bottom of the coke reactor by a third conveying device for coke activation; (f) heating the raw gas resulting from the main reactor and from the coke reactor, in a gas reactor, and supplying through the transfer line into a tar treatment reactor (64), where pollutants are cleaned by the treatment with a second aggregate mixture of and is supplied to a tar distillation, in which tar and particulate matter are deposited, the crude gas in a connected condenser is cooled to 150-120[deg] C, in which the oil components and the residues of second aggregate mixture are deposited and processed in a gas treatment with the addition of an additive mixture to synthesis gas; (g) supplying the synthesis gas together with the synthesis gas resulting in coke activation for heating the combustion chamber, which surrounds and heats the main reactor, coke reactor and the gas reactor; (h) supplying the synthesis gas, which is not needed for heating, to an energetic use; (i) recirculating the deposited tar in the tar distillation to the feeding device continuously; (j) using a mixture of urea and ammonium carbonate in a ratio of 1:2 in an amount of 1.5-3.5% of the shredded waste mass as an aggregate mixture; (k) using a mixture of ethylene glycol and ethanolamine in the ratio of 3:1-5:1 in the amount of 1.5-3.5% of the shredded waste mass as the aggregate mixture; (l) using a mixture of ethylenediamine, EDTA dipotassium salt and tetrabutyl phosphate in the ratio 10:2:1-5:1:1 in the amount of 0.5-1.5% of the shredded waste mass is used as the aggregate mixture. An independent claim is also included for a device for thermal processing of organic waste, comprising a material feed, a reactor block, a tar precipitation, gas scrubbing, the evaporator and the activated coke treatment, where (i) the material feed comprises a funnel-shaped feeding device and the feed screw, which is located below, whose outlet opens into the lower end of the main reactor, and the material feed further comprises devices for introducing the aggregate mixture and merges the tar originating from the process, (ii) the reactor block comprises a combustion chamber, which is heated from the synthesis gas at 500-550[deg] C, where the vertically disposed the main reactor extends through the combustion chamber, in which an inner conveying device is driven in the form of a motor, through which a perforated conveyor screw encloses in the upper region, the coke reactor is arranged in parallel with the main reactor in the combustion chamber, in which further inner conveying device is driven in the form of the motor, through which a completely perforated conveyor screw encloses, and the transfer connects the main reactor and the coke reactor at their upper ends, (iii) a gas reactor is arranged in the combustion chamber downstream to the main reactor and the reactor coke, where the gas reactor is parallel and perpendicular to the main reactor and the reactor coke, where the third conveying device for the coke is connected with the coke reactor through a tunnel above and opens at the upper end in the transfer line for the tar treatment reactor, (iv) the tar precipitation comprises the transfer line, tar treatment reactor and tar distillation, where tar treatment reactor is connected on gas reactor by the transfer line, where the tar distillation is located below tar treatment reactor, in which the aggregate mixture injected in the tar treatment reactor can flow in the tar distillation, where a gas line leads from the tar distillation for gas cleaning, and another line for tar transport leads from the bottom of the tar distillation for feeding device; (v) the gas scrubbing comprises a capacitor for the deposition of evaporated aggregate mixture in the tar distillation, a collecting container, which captures these aggregate mixture, the catalytic treating pipe, a further capacitor, a gas scrubber and the gas dryer, which are connected with each other through a respective gas lines, (vi) the evaporator, which is connected with the outlet of the gas scrubbing, in which a heating pipe is supplied with a part of the waste heat of the combustion chamber as the heating medium, and a further line, which leads from the evaporator for coke activation and is used for steam supply for coke activation; and (vii) the activated coke treatment is located below the gas reactor and consists of the third conveying device, which begins at the lower discharge port of the coke reactor and opens into the coke activation, where the coke activation and the capacitor serves for condensation of the steam, which is not converted in the coke activation.</p> |
