| 摘要 |
The invention is directed to methods of nucleic acid sequencing that use nanopores to detect and/or measure amounts of compounds, such as products or byproducts of nucleic acid sequencing reactions, and to the determination of a nucleotide sequence using such detection and/or measurement. The detection or measurements may employ products or byproducts having resistive-pulse labels, optical labels, or labels that are capable of generating both optical and resistive-pulse signals. Resistive-pulse labels are molecular labels bound or attached to an analyte which allows detection of the labeled analyte by a change in the electrical properties of a nanopore, such as trans-nanopore resistance. Labels for nanopore detection may also be optical labels, particularly acceptors of acceptor-donor pairs capable of undergoing fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET), where the donors are associated with, or label, a nanopore.
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