| 摘要 |
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular – to physical methods of investigation of mechanical properties of steels and alloys, in particular – to a method of determination of characteristics of uniform deformation of constructional steel. The method includes operations of elongation of standard smooth cylindrical steel sample along one axis at different temperatures within interval from 4 K to 623 K, with determination at that of its main mechanical characteristics, plotting experimental dependence= f(), after that on basis of data of tests in temperature interval from 4 K to 293 K one additionally plots experimental dependences= f() for constructional steels with different levels of plasticity, with calculation on basis of experimental dependences of empirical coefficients and with determination of relative uniform contractionand relative uniform elongation of steel sampleby formulas, in parts:,where:- relative contraction after destruction of sample, in parts,- conventional yield point, MPa,- breaking point, MPa,- actual breaking tension, MPa, for constructional steels with following levels of plasticity:at, at, and atone additionally plots the dependence= f(), with determination of the value of ratioand with formulation of additional conditions as to use of dependences= f(): if, for calculation the dependenceis used, if, for calculation the dependenceis used. The invention provides increase of accuracy and self-descriptiveness of determination of characteristics of uniform deformation of constructional steels and alloys with different levels of plasticityby the values of main mechanical characteristicsandonly, to carry out complex analysis of properties of alloys irrespectively of different combinations of properties of strength and plasticity of alloys, types of those, modes of thermal treatment, values of neutron irradiation and test temperatures. |
