PROCESS FOR PRODUCING GRAPHENE

摘要

The invention relates to the field of nanotechnologies, and the product produced on the basis of this invention (graphene and derivatives thereof) can be used as a more advanced material in very different applications, in particular as a future basis for nanoelectronics with the possible replacement of silicon in integrated microcircuits. The process for producing graphene consists in the following. Intercalation of graphite powder with concentrated sulphuric acid is performed, followed by oxidation under the action of KMnO4 and ?2?2. Thereupon, the oxidized graphene is dispersed and reduced. Furthermore, the dispersing agent used is ultrasound with a technologically set specific power and frequency, and the reducing agent used (in the dispersion and reduction processes) is alcohols or homoesters thereof. Furthermore, the reduction process with alcohols is performed at a temperature of the dispersed mixture of the order of 200 - 350°? and a pressure of the order of 50 - 150 atm. The reducing agent used can be: aromatic alcohols, for example phenol, diphenylcarbinol, benzyl alcohol, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol and m-bromobenzyl alcohol; aliphatic alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, tert-butyl alcohol and amyl alcohol; ethylene glycol, glycerol and homoesters thereof; cyclic alcohols, for example glucose, fructose and arabinose. The dispersing agent expediently used is ultrasound with a specific power of 0.1-1 W/cm3 and a frequency of 20.4 kHz for 5 - 20 minutes. It is reasonable for the duration of a full cycle of the graphene oxide reduction process to be from 5 to 90 hours.