| 摘要 |
The invention relates to a process of extraction with the use of vacuum and can be used to extract the bioactive agents from plant, animal, fish, seafood and other types of raw materials used in chemical, food and cosmetic industry and medicine. The proposed method of extraction of materials, including the heating the extractant, the preliminary extraction of raw materials with the heated rollers by means of extractant at the module (extractant: raw materials) not more than 2, the impregnation of raw material with extractant and extraction of raw materials in vacuum-impulsive mode by cycles, which include the heating with hot coolant gas and a creation of vacuum in the chamber in the regime of quick vacuum-impulsive exposure with stepwise multiple pressure drop from the atmospheric pressure to the pressure not more than 0.01 MPa, and then from the previous pressure to a pressure of not more than 0.0001 MPa, followed by keeping under vacuum to stabilize the temperature of the mixture and the vacuum relief at the end of the cycle by means of delivering of hot coolant gas in the chamber, at that the heating of raw materials is carried out to a temperature not exceeding 39 °C. The distilled water, or organic solvents or mixtures thereof are used as the extractants. Apparatus for extracting of material comprises a screw doser, continuous heated rollers with a container to receive presscake impregnated with the extractant, one or two extractors with installed bubblers in their bottoms, reflux condenser, an extract receiving tank, connected to two or more receivers installed in parallel with the vacuum pumps through the system of vacuum pipelines with quick-response valves. The invention allows conducting the extraction at lower temperatures (up to 39 °C), which increases the yield of extractable substances and the quality thereof. |
