| 摘要 |
The device for generating electrical energy comprises a material having sufficient conductivity given minimal screening of the electric field. This can be a semiconductor with mixed conductivity, an electrolyte or a conductor with a specific form or thickness. Current-collecting electrodes which can be connected to a load and are near to and far from at least one electrode, which is insulated from the material and produces an electric field therein, for example when connected to a voltage source, are brought into contact with said material. The device can be in the form of a capacitor, with said material being arranged between the plates of said capacitor, and with one of the plates being insulated from said material, whereas the material has a projection which makes contact with the remote current collector. The current to a load results from the contact potential difference arising owing to the concentration of charges with the same polarity which are induced near the contact surface of the near current collector or plate. Correspondingly, the contact potential difference (and charge at the surface) at the point of contact of the remote current collector should be as low as possible, in the case of an embodiment with one insulated electrode. For this purpose, in particular, an additional insulated electrode is mounted between the remote current collector and the insulated electrode. An embodiment of the device with, for example, two insulated electrodes under a voltage is possible, with the surface of the current collector, which makes contact with the material and is connected to the load, being brought near to each of said insulated electrodes. The invention is suitable for use as an electrical energy source, a cooler or air conditioner, a heater or an electrolyser of a self-recharging battery. |
