| 摘要 |
687,528. Cooling. MAYBACH, K. Dec. 5, 1950 [Sept. 9, 1950), No. 29736/50. Classes 7 (ii) and 7 (iii). In a liquid-cooled cylinder head for internalcombustion engines having for example a high temperature liquid cooling system, i.e. systems using such coolants, as oil, water under pressure. water and ethylene glycol or any liquid having a boiling point higher than 100‹C., wherein more than four overhead valves are provided for each cylinder, for example, two exhaust valves 2, 3 and three inlet valves 4, 5 and 6 and the walls of the inlet and exhaust channels 15, 16, 17 and 13, 14, respectively, being free all round at the valve seats, there is provided guiding means, such as walls 23, 24 which are arranged in such a manner that the main current of the coolant is first conducted to the cooling faces at and in the neighbourhood of the exhaust valve seats. The side walls 11, 12 of each cylinder head are provided with ventilation screws which can be opened when the head is being filled with coolant; in the interior of the head are the two walls 23, 24, which enclose an approximately cylindrical space. and serve to guide the coolant, the walls having ports 25, 26 and 27, 28 and 29, respectively, therein whilst further ports are provided just below the surface of the top cylinder head wall. The coolant enters an opening 19, flows through the wall ports 25 and 26 and is forced by wall 23 around the exhaust and inlet valve seats before passing through wall ports 27, 28 and 29 into openings 20, 21 and 22. The speed of the coolant at the inlet valves is less than that at the exhaust valves. The walls 23, 24 are arranged substantially above the cylinder gasket and the head is secured to the cylinder by four expansion bolts 30-33 and to the adjacent heads by four further expansion bolts through recesses 34-37; the bolts 30, 31 are surrounded by bushes forced into the head to ensure adequate cooling whilst the bolts 32, 33 are located in eyes formed in the casting. A sparking plug 1 is positioned centrally in the head. In a modification, a diesel engine is described each cylinder of which has three inlet and three exhaust valves; the fuel nozzle is held in position by two flanges each with a packing ring and a threaded collar whilst an additional coolant space is also provided to improve the cooling of the lower wall of the cylinder head. |
