<p>Provided are a telephone traffic data storage method and a network management system. The method includes: a network management system writes real-time telephone traffic data into an unformatted temporary file in a hard disk after receiving the same, reads and parses the real-time telephone traffic data from the temporary file, and stores the parsed real-time telephone traffic data according to the corresponding format. The network management system includes: a data receiving device for writing real-time telephone traffic data into an unformatted temporary file in a hard disk after receiving the same; and a background writing device for reading and parsing the real-time telephone traffic data from the temporary file, and storing the parsed real-time telephone traffic data according to the corresponding format. According to the present invention, a small memory is occupied and the telephone traffic data is written with high efficiency during most of the running time of the network management system.</p>