| 摘要 |
Invention herewith described refers to the three-stage shock absorber which is a device used to increase the safety of important structures (nuclear power plants, hospitals and other solid and massive structures) and is also used in the areas where the earthquakes can be expected. The essence of the invention is in structural assembly of the elements that under the influence of the earthquake achieve plastic deformations in three controlled stages. The functioning of elements is initiated by fatigue and the axial stress with regulated stability in all working processes.The three-stage shock absorber is installed into the building structure to which it is connected via the connection plate (7, 7a). The main pipe (1) is weakened by an oval opening (1a). The rod (10) is inserted into the main pipe (1) over which is placed the cover pipe (3) preventing the local bulging and distortion of the pipe (1). The pipe (2) is the safety level 2, and is placed over the cover pipe (3). By activating each layer of the pipes (1, 2, 9), the three-stage absorber achieves the three safety levels and controls the force and movement. The rings (4, 5a, 6 and 6b) are welded to the main pipe (1) by the fillet weld. The ring (5) is moveable in relation to the main pipe (1) and welded only to the pipe (1) of the safety level 2. In the function of the pipe weakening (1, 2) the force is defined for all three safety levels. The space between the rings (6a, 6), and the space between the rings (6a, 6b) is filled with lead (11).The shock absorber is installed into the structures by connecting the building construction with the foundation construction facility associated with the foundation construction or diagonally connecting interfloor constructions of the structure.The shock absorber construction functions in the first stage of work through the plastic deformation of the pipe (1) and the deformation control via the rings (5a, 6). In the second stage of work, the outer pipe is activated (2), and the deformation control is accomplished by the rings (6, 6b). In the third stage of work, the outer pipe (9) is activated.
|
