| 摘要 |
The invention comprises aromatic nitro compounds of the formula A(NO2)R1R2R3, in which R1 is a C14-C16 alkyl group, R2 and R3 each represent a methyl group or a hydrogen atom, and A is an aryl group, not further substituted, the radicals R1, R2 and R3 together containing 15-18 carbon atoms. The compounds are prepared by mononitrating a compound of the formula A(R1)(R2)(R3). Nitration may be effected with (a) nitric acid, (b) mixtures of nitric acid with oleum, sulphuric acid, acetic anhydride, acetic acid or phosphorus pentoxide, (c) alkali nitrates in the presence of sulphuric acid, (d) organic nitrates, e.g. acetyl or benzoyl nitrate, (e) metal nitrates with acetic acid, (f) nitrosulphonic acid or (g) nitrogen tetroxide. Examples are given of the nitration of pentadecylbenzene and pentadecyltoluene with a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids. The products are useful as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride compositions (see Division C3).ALSO:As plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride compositions, use is made of one or more aromatic nitro compounds of the formula A(NO2)R1R2 R3, in which R1 is a C8-C19 alkyl group, R2 is a C1-C13 alkyl group or hydrogen, R3 is a methyl group or hydrogen and A is an aryl group, not further substituted, the total number of carbon atoms in the radicals R1, R2 and R3 being 10-21. The compositions may contain also other polymerizable materials, a number of which are specified. Specified plasticizers include dodecylnitrotoluene, dodecylnitrobenzene, dodecylnitronaphthalene pentadecylnitrotoluene, pentadecylnitrobenzene, tridecylisopropylnitrobenzene, nonylpropylnitrobenzene and tetradecylnitroxylene. Comparative experimental results are given. |
