| 摘要 |
Telomerized alcohols are obtained by irradiating with high energy ionizing radiation a flowing mixture of reactants in the vapour or liquid phase, the reactants comprising an alcohol having fewer carbons than the product alcohol and an olefin, the dose rate of the radiation being 1 to 40 megarads/hour and the radiation being applied for a period of 10 secs. to 10 mins. The reaction in the vapour phase is suitably effected at approximately atmospheric pressure and at a temperature sufficient to maintain the vapour phase and the concentration of alcohol with respect to olefin is preferably in an overall molar range of 0.5:1 to 40:1. The starting alcohol may be a C1- 6 saturated aliphatic alcohol and is preferably an alcohol containing a tertiary hydrogen atom and the hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom; the starting olefin is preferably a C2- 6 1-olefin but it may contain up to 12 carbons and it may also be a diolefin. The high energy ionizing radiation may be ionizing particle radiation, e.g. accelerated electrons, nuclear particles including protons, fast neutrons, alpha and beta particles, deuterons and fission fragments, and ionizing electromagnetic radiation, e.g. gamma rays and X-rays. The energy level at which the radiation is employed is suitably 1 kev. to 30 mev. The reaction in the liquid phase is suitably effected at room temperature to 200 DEG C. at a pressure which is approximately atmospheric and the concentration of alcohol with respect to olefin may be in a molar range of 15:1 to 500:1. The starting alcohol may be a C1- 12 saturated aliphatic alcohol and is preferably an alcohol having a tertiary hydrogen atom and the hydroxyl group on the same carbon atom; the starting olefin and the radiation may be the same as that employed in the vapour phase reaction. In the vapour phase reaction, energy transfer substances, e.g. rare gases or solids of high surface area may be employed. In the examples, mixtures of isopropanol and ethylene are reacted together.
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