| 摘要 |
1,187,399. Mixing by sonic vibrators; comminuting apparatus. P. WILLEMS [trading as PHYSIK.-CHEM. FORSCHUNGS-INSTITUT PROF. WILLEMS]. 23 June, 1967 [25 June, 1966], No. 29079/67. Headings B1C and B2A. In a process for simultaneous mechanical and vibrational homogenization, emulsification, comminution or dispersion the treated substance is coarsely homogenized in a first working stage, subjected to sudden expansion and further treated in at least one additional working stage, both stages taking place in a single housing. One form of apparatus has a first stage 1 comprising rotors 1a, 1b and a second stage 2 comprising rotors 2a, 2c and 2b, 2d, separated by an expansion gap Tr. Material enters past rotary blades 3 having cutting edges 4, is accelerated in rotor chambers la', crosses working gap A (where it is subjected to shearing and, if desired, cavitational forces) and enters working chambers 1b' where it is subjected to tangential and radial vibratory treatment. The second stage has accelerating chambers 2a', three sets of working chambers 2b', 2c', 2d' and three working gaps A 2 , A 2 ' and A 2 ". The volume of the working chambers decreases and their number increases towards the periphery of the apparatus whereby the vibration frequencies increase. The space Tr is 2 mm. or more, the working gap in the first stage 0.5-2 mm. and in the second stage 0.5-0.1 mm., becoming progressively smaller. The width of the members la, 2a is desirably not less than that of the associated working chambers and not greater than the width of such chambers plus that of its bounding members. The rotors may be driven in the same or opposite directions. In modifications there may be shut tangential vanes in the working chambers; the working gaps may be inclined to the axis of rotation, instead of extending parallel thereto, or may be curved; the members bounding the working chambers may also be inclined to the axis of rotation or may be curved; the last of the series of working chambers may be formed so that the outflow is tangential or inclined instead of radial; an additional centrifugal pumping ring may be provided to assist discharge; back-pressure may be created by throttling discharge manually or automatically to control residence time; inflow may be metered or regulated by pump, valve or other means. |
