| 摘要 |
1,061,213. Separation of solvent from salt solutions. UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO. June 26, 1964 [June 27, 1963], No. 26469/64. Heading B1B. [Also in Division F4] Volatile solvent is separated from a solution of a non-volatile salt by contacting the solution with a hot immiscible fluid in a series of evaporation zones 5, 23..48 each of which is maintained at a pressure below that in the preceding zone; the solvent vapours formed in each evaporation zone (except the last) are conducted through a line 14, 24 .. into an associated condensation zone 15, 25 .. where they are contacted with cool heat-exchange liquid which has been used as heating-medium in the succeeding evaporation zone. In zones 15, 25.. the vapours condense and give up heat to the heat exchange liquid and, after separation from condensate in a phase settler 19, 37.., the heat exchange liquid is then returned (after vaporization if necessary) to the evaporation zone from which it was withdrawn. If the heat transfer fluid is introduced into an evaporation zone as a vapour, it condenses to a liquid which separates as a separate layer from the feed solution residue. An example is given of a seven-stage process for the production of salt-free water from sea water using diphenylethane (or decafluorobiphenyl) as heat transfer liquid. The absolute pressure in the first evaporation zone is 8 atmospheres, while the last zone is at about atmospheric pressure. The process may also be employed to separate organic solvents such as acetone, ether, hexanol or benzene from solutions using a molten metal, or metal halide, as heat exchange liquid. The solution to be treated is introduced into the apparatus shown through line 1 and flows, via line 68, through heat exchangers 66 and 54 where it is preheated by the heat-transfer liquid, withdrawn from settler 60, and by the concentrated solution withdrawn from settler 49, respectively. Alternatively, the feed solution is preheated by passing it through coil 75 in the condenser 59 of the last stage. The preheated solution flows through line 74 to the first evaporator 5 where the solution is contacted with heat exchange liquid which is continuously circulated through heater 12, evaporator 5, settler 7 and back to heater 12. Purified solvent is withdrawn from the system via lines 27, 38..61 on the condensate on settlers; and residual concentrated solution is discharged via a line 57 on heat-exchanger 54. |
