| 摘要 |
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for processing lead-acid accumulators and storage batteries. The method involves mechanical crushing of accumulators and storage batteries, separation by wet screening of the sand and slag fraction as a product for melting, hydroseparation with output of metal fraction as a product for a fraction remelting, the output of polypropylene or propylene copolymer for processing, the withdrawal of heavy plastic materials for recycling, melting of the sand and slag fraction and the metal fraction in rotary drum furnaces and refining rough lead, which is produced in these furnaces. At that hydroseparation is carried out in three hydroseparators, at that in the first hydroseparator the coarse products of grinding are separated - metal fraction from the bulk of the plastic material in the flow of rising water with the speed of 0.05-0.35 m/s with bubbling thereof with the compressed air with the speed of its supplying of 90 - 200 m/hour per square meter of the flow cross-section, after which the metal fraction is sent to the second hydroseparator, where in the flow of rising water with the speed of 0.01-0.066 m/s with bubbling thereof with the compressed air with the speed of its supplying of 15-45 m/hour per square meter of the flow cross-section the metal fraction is separated from the plastic material residue, from the first and the second hydroseparators the plastic material is supplied to the third hydroseparator, in which in a stream of running water with a flow rate of 0.04-0.12 m/hour at the rate of plastic mass supplying of 300- / hour polypropylene or propylene copolymer is separated from heavy plastic material and residual sand and slag fraction, which before the melting is subjected to the desulfuration in a closed tank by chemical reaction with sodium carbonate and water:2PbSO+ 3NaCO+ HO → Pb(CO)(OH)+ 2NaSO+ CO+ heat, (1)with application of lead bicarbonate, sodium sulphate and carbon dioxide, at that the chemical reaction is carried out with mixing with blade stirrer and additional mixing by recirculation the reacting mixture in a closed tank with the intensity of recirculation flow of 12-60 m/hour, then the chemical reaction products are passed through a filter press for separation of solid particles from a solution of sodium sulfate, where they are subjected to blowing with the compressed air of the intensity of 6-18 m/hour per ton of solid particles blown, and then, as sediment from the filter press, solid particles in the form of a cake of desulfurated sand and slag fraction are supplied to the remelting as a product. The invention provides increased efficiency of hydroseparation, removal of sulfur compounds from the process technology with the obtain of sodium sulfate and increased removal of lead, polypropylene, reduction during the smelting process of harmful sulfur gasses emissions to the atmosphere. |
