| 摘要 |
A method for extracting alkali, alkali earth metals and their blends through reduction of their halogenides with reduction metals is described. Halogenides of alkali and alkali earth metals ("metals") are reduced (I) with gallium, indium or thallium ("reduction metals") at temperatures below their boiling point with steam pressure, at which time the gaseous monohalogenides of the reduction metals are formed. The amount of reduction metal is sufficient for the reduction of the metal halogenide as well as for the simultaneous dissolving of the metal formed, e.g.:MgCl2(s)+2Ga(1) = Mg(1)+2GaCl(g); 900 degrees K, 0.02 Torr.From the liquid metal formed, the metal (II) is distilled and condensed. The metal-free reduction metal is reused for metal halogenide reduction.For reuse in halogenide reduction, the reaction metal is recycled from the monohalogenide and through reduction of its oxide (IV), which either is formed through oxidation of the monohalogenide (III) or through oxidation of the trihalogenide formed when disproportionating the monohalogenide (V) except for the elementary reduction metal.Continuously carrying out the process of leading the reduction metal through the circuit without loss, use of heat from exoergic flow and minimal need of electric transport energy maximizes economy when extracting alkali and alkali earth metals following this invention.<IMAGE> |
