According to the invention, the device (1) comprises a bolt (6) including a locking member (9) which is mounted such that it can slide with respect to a first component (2) and can adopt a locked position in which the locking member (9) retains the second component (3) and an unlocked position in which the locking member (9) releases the second component (2), the transition from the locked position to the unlocked position taking place under the action of pyrotechnic means (5). In addition, a branch (4) that is at least partially deformable under the action of the pyrotechnic means (5) is arranged with respect to the bolt (6) in such a way that the transition from the locked position to the unlocked position takes place by means of the deformation of said branch (4).
