| 摘要 |
The combined solar collector for heat generation and photovoltaic power has a number of significant differences. The combined collector is composed of several blocks: block absorption of solar thermal energy, block of water heating and photovoltaic power generation. The block for absorption of solar thermal energy and water heating are placed into a heat insulating box. The water heating block is made on the basis of the heat exchanger type "annular tube" and consists of sections, the number of which corresponds to the number of heat pipes. The block for absorption of solar thermal energy is covered by glass and the water heating block is covered by photovoltaic generator, e.g. with photo film elements. Sections (zones) of heat pipes (closed two-phase thermosyphons) are placed in the block of thermal energy absorption; there occurs boiling (evaporation) of coolant during heat supply. Condensation zones of the heat pipes are placed in the water heating block. Heat pipes transfer the solar energy heat to the heated water in the heat exchanger using a "dry contact" method. There is also an embodiment of the water heating block, which is executed according to the type of heat exchanger “annular tube". Water heating is carried out with heat pipes, condensation zones of which are in direct contact with the heated water. Water heating unit is made in several different embodiments. One of embodiments, for example, is one in which the water heat exchanger sections are placed parallel arrangement to each other and have different heights. Another version as the heat exchanger sections of water heating are made with a V-shaped design. Evaporative zones of heat pipes are placed on a substrate. The substrate consists of a base, which made by means of the longitudinal grooves. In the body of longitudinal grooves embedded electric heating elements, each of them is placed under the evaporation zone corresponding heat pipe. |
