| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing aniline and derivatives thereof of general formula (I), where R=H, 2-CH3, 2-NH2, 4-NH2. The method is realised by reducing nitrobenzene or derivative thereof with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of a catalyst, followed by extraction of products. The nitrobenzene derivative used is 2-nitrotoluene, 2-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline, wherein reduction is carried out in the medium of isopropyl alcohol, and the catalyst used is nanoparticles of metals with varying valence selected from: iron, cobalt, nickel or copper. The process is carried out in molar ratio of nanoparticles of metals with varying valence: hydrazine hydrate: nitrobenzene or derivative thereof equal to 1:35-170:10-42, at temperature 20-80C for 20-60 minutes. The nanoparticles of iron, cobalt or nickel are obtained in situ via reduction of their chlorides or nitrates with hydrazine hydrate in an alkaline medium, and copper nanoparticles are obtained via preliminary reduction of copper (II) chloride with iron while stirring in a system of formamide-water solvents with weight ratio CuCl22H2O: formamide: water equal to 1:4:1.5. ^ EFFECT: high output of anilinie derivatives. ^ 3 cl, 7 ex |
