| 摘要 |
<p>Excavating part of ditching machine consists of a frame arranged as a tube with diameter D with cylindrical rollers on which screw blades are installed. Along perimeter of the tube in parallel to its cylindrical surface with possibility of rotation cylindrical rollers are installed, on surfaces of those with inner edges screw blades are fixed. Screw blade spacing is t = 0,8d, where d - diameter of the rollers. Angle of windingσof the blades is arranged according to lawσ>μ, whereμ- friction slope over blade material. At the ends of the rollers, at the side of the face, conical teeth are installed. At the outer surfaces of the teeth there are screw ridges–triangular in cross section. Angle of winding of the ridges is opposite to the angle of winding of the screw blades. Heights of the ridges increase from the tip to roots of the conical teeth. Angle of inclination of the screw line of the ridges is within intervalμ<α<90°-δ/2, whereδ- angle at the tip of the teeth,μ- friction slope over ridges material. Angleβat the tip of the ridges is made constant and is smaller or equal to 90-120°. The tube at its outer cylindrical surface has longitudinal cuts that are in the places in front of placement of the screw blades. Lengths l of the cuts are smaller than the length L of the tube and are equal to length of winding of the screw blades. Overall end diameter D, that is characterized with overall dimensions of the screw blades, is larger than diameter D of the tube.</p> |
