| 摘要 |
A saponaceous toilet bar or cake consists of at least 60 per cent by weight of anhydrous water-soluble higher fatty acid soaps and, dispersed throughout, water-soluble salts of higher fatty acid monoglyceride monosulphates in an amount sufficient to disperse lime soaps generated during use of the bar or cake as a toilet soap in hard water, but such that the ratio by weight of the monosulphate salts to fatty acid soaps does not exceed 0.5 : 1. The soaps may be derived from the usual fatty oils, waxes and fatty acids, mixtures of tallow and babassu nut oil, and tallow and coconut oil respectively being exemplified. The monosulphate salts may comprise the alkali metal, amomonium and amine salts. These may be derived from hydrogenated fatty materials, and may be prepared by the interaction of such components as glycerine, fatty oils or fatty acids, and an excess of a strong sulphonating agent. The products are neutralized with a neutralizing agent and dried, and contain a large proportion of inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate. The bulk of the latter must be removed, such as by solvent extraction. Minor proportions of the inorganic salts. up to 10 per cent, may be tolerated. The amount of the monosulphate salts in the compositions is preferably in excess of the theoretical amount required for complete scum dispersion; 10 to 30 per cent and preferably 15 to 25 per cent of the weight of the total solids is specified. The combination bar or cake is preferably made by a modified soap milling and plodding process, the moisture content being kept within limits and correlated with the temperature during plodding. The mixture of soap and monosulphate salt is milled, the resulting chips plodded and the bar extruded from the plodder cut into suitable lengths. The moisture content is kept within the limits of 5 to 15 per cent, and the temperature during plodding is correlated with the moisture content within the range of 100 DEG F for 15 per cent p moisture content and 135 DEG F for 5 per cent moisture content. The bar or cake has usually a pH of between 9.5 and 10 in a 0.5 per cent concentration in hard water. |
