SMART MATERIAL ACTUATOR CAPABLE OF OPERATING IN THREE DIMENSIONS

摘要

A smart material actuator having more than two actuating arms, more than two mechanical webs, and being driven by a piezo or other smart material device within an enclosed compensator, and which may be adapted for use as an actuator, an energy capture device, or a sensor. In certain embodiments, the smart material actuator can also operate as the driver for an audio speaker.