| 摘要 |
In commercial shipping, a new age began with the use of wind force to drive ships by means of controlled, kite-like wind engagement elements. As a result of the connection by means of a pulling rope, the wind engagement element operates at heights, at which conventional sails are unusable, at said heights greater wind speed and wind steadiness prevail. Said technology can also be used in wind power plants having a controllable kite. The present control device is characterized by an improvement in regard to the operational reliability, service life, and energy yield of known systems. The presented multitude of feasible problem solutions is based on the principle of winding control lines onto rope drums in opposite directions in advantageous combination with active and passive components. The invention uses the available tensile forces to perform control motions and achieves high control speeds even under extreme load. Because the invention does without cumbersome control drives, the weight carried along and the expense of the nacelle energy supply are reduced. The improvement of the flight dynamics resulting therefrom is amplified by a system of individual adjustment of the aerodynamic properties of the wind engagement element. Control safety is thereby ensured even in extreme situations. The influencing of the angle of incidence segment-by-segment achieves the improvement of the flight dynamics under asymmetrical adjustment. The symmetrical adjustment by slacking the rear wing edge ensures that overloading is reliably avoided, because the load limitation is activated immediately by the direct mechanical coupling thereof. The layout as a double drive unit as a result of the design offers redundancy. In the event of a failure of the drives, the electronic controller, or the energy supply, an emergency controller brings the wind engagement element into a survival position in a passively controlled manner in order to shelter the wind engagement element on the ship side. |
