Improvements relating to the manufacture of hollow articles from thread

摘要

856,570. Pipe-making machines. BRISTOL AIRCRAFT Ltd. March 5, 1959 [March 10, 1958], No. 7631/58. Class 99(2). In the production of pipes or other elongated hollow articles having a wall formed of a plurality of layers of helical turns of threads, the threads of successive layers crossing each other, and the turns and layers being bonded together with a resin, relative reciprocating movement is produced between a mandrel and a thread guide peripherally surrounding the mandrel with clearance, the mandrel always remaining within the guide until winding of the thread on the mandrel is completed. The guide and the mandrel are rotated relatively to each other at a speed which, during the greater part of the period of each pass of the mandrel[ relatively to the guide, is directly proportional to the speed of relative reciprocation, the rotational speed being maintained at a positive value during reversals of direction of the reciprocating movement. A sufficient number of threads is peripherally distributed through the guide on to the mandrel to form a layer at each pass. Apparatus. The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 consists of a mandrel 104 drawn up a vertical spindle 101 by a cable 105 wound on a winch 108 driven through a reversing gearbox 110 by an electric motor 109 and controlled by a brake 111, the mandrel being allowed to descend under its own weight. Ring-shaped thread guides ]lI4, 115, 116 surrounding the mandrel are carried by circular creels 117, 118, 119 supporting thread bobbins 128 from which thread 129 is fed through the guides on to the mandrel, the outer edges of the creels constituting rails each running on three rubbertyred Banged wheels 120, one from each of the three sets of wheels being driven through shafts 121, 125 and gearbox 122, 123, 124, 126 by the electric motor 109. A one-way drive device 127 in the shafting 125 causes the latter and hence the creels to rotate always in the same direction irrespective of the direction of rotation of the winch 108, the direction of rotation of the creel 118 being opposite to that of the creels 117, 119. To avoid slackness in the threads when the direction of movement of the mandrel is reversed the creels are kept rotating at a minimum speed by an electric motor 130 coupled through a clutch 131 to the shaft 125. In another form of apparatus, Figs. 2, 3, the mandrel 20 is supported by a headstock 10 and a tailstock 11 which are attached to a tube 14 and are mounted on rails 16. The mandrel is rotated by the headstocks spindle 22 which is driven through gearing 23, 25, and chain and sprocket wheel assembly 26, 28 and reduction and reverse gearing 35 by an electric motor 33. The chain 26 extends from a point of attachment 27 on the headstock over the wheel 28, through the tube 14, over a return sprocket wheel 29 to a bracket 31 on the back end of the tube 14 so as to reciprocate the mandrel 20. The mandrel is kept rotating in the same direction during successive passes by a reversing mechanism, not shown, incorporated in the drive between the chain and the mandrel. Thread is fed to the mandrel through stationary guide rings from bobbins 39 supported on stationary creels 40. Slack in thread during the reversal phase is prevented by keeping the mandrel rotating at a minimum speed by an electric motor 52 connected through gearing to the spindle 22. A liquid resin of the polyester, epoxide or phenolformaldehyde type is applied to the winding on the mandrel by a spring pressed roller, the surface of which is supplied with resin.