| 摘要 |
Copolymers containing at least 70% by weight of combined acrylonitrile are made by polymerizing acrylonitrile with 0.1 to 10% (calculated on the weight of monomers to be polymerized) of a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0944266/C3/1> or a water-soluble salt thereof in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a chlorine atom, R11 is a C1-C8 alkyl group, an aryl radical or an aralkyl radical, A is (CH2),n a phenylene radical or a radical of the formula: <FORM:0944266/C3/2> n being an integer of from 1 to 4 and m is an integer of from 1 to 3. Components of the said type specified are N-methyl and N-butyl. N-beta-ethylsulphonic acid acrylamide and methacrylamide, N-phenyl-N-methylsulphonic acid acrylamide and chloroacrylamide, N-phenyl-N-ethylsulphonic acid methacrylamide, N-ethyl - acrylamido - benzene - disulphonic acid, N-butyl - methacrylamido - benzene - disulphonic acid, sulphanilic acid - N - butyl acrylamide and methacrylamide, and N-butyl - acrylamido, N-phenyl-acrylamido and N-propylmethacrylamido - p - toluodisulphonic acids. Other monomers which may be present during copolymerization are methyl and butyl acrylates, methacrylic esters, vinyl acetate, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and styrene. The polymerization is preferably carried out in aqueous solution in the absence of emulsifiers, although these may be used if desired. Catalysts which may be employed are hydrogen peroxides, organic peroxides and hydroperoxides, azo compounds and, especially, redox systems, e.g. combinations of persulphates or perphosphates with sulphites, bisulphites, pyrosulphites and thiosulphates, which may be activated by heavy metal ions, e.g. those of iron or copper. The pH of the aqueous polymerization is generally below 7, e.g. 1 to 3. The monomer mixture may be added gradually as the reaction proceeds, and further quantities of catalyst may be added at intervals. The resulting copolymers are used to form filaments which are dyeable with basic dyestuffs. Specifications 807,241, 819,049, 834,523 and 834,524 are referred to.
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