| 摘要 |
Unsaturated nitriles are produced in the gaseous phase at elevated temperature by reacting an olefine with oxygen and ammonia in the presence of a catalyst which contains iron in chemical combination with phosphorus and oxygen. The catalyst may consist essentially of iron phosphate or may contain between 0.25 and 2.5 atoms per atom of iron, of one or more of copper, silver, gold, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, polonium or tin, as promotor(s) or modifying agent(s). The catalyst may be supported on a carrier and may be in the form of a fluidised bed. The contact time may be from 0.05 to 10 seconds and the temperature 350 DEG to 550 DEG C. The molar ratio of ammonia to olefin is 0.5:1 to 2:1 and of oxygen to olefin is 0.5:1 to 3:1. Water may be incorporated in the feed in a molar ratio to olefin of 1:1 to 5:1. Specified products include acrylonitrile, from propylene, and methacrylonitrile from isobutylene. Specifications 867,438, 874,593, U.S.A. Specification 2,481,826 and French Specification 1,098,400 are referred to.ALSO:A catalyst used for preparing nitriles comprises iron in chemical combination with phosphorus and oxygen which may be promoted with one or more of the elements copper, silver, gold, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, polonium, or tin in amounts between 0,25 and 2,5 atoms per iron atom. The catalyst may be supported by A12O3, SiO2 or mixtures thereof and used as a fluidized bed. Specifications 867,438, 874,593, U.S.A. Specification 2,481,826, and French Specification 1,098,400 are referred to. |
