| 摘要 |
FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: most close analogue of a proposed machine is a DC machine with a mechanical commutator, a collector with sliding brush contacts. The named machine has certain disadvantages in its design, consisting in the fact that it comprises rotary anchor winding and collector, on surface of the latter in which several pairs of brush contacts slide continuously during its operation. It results in intense wear of its parts sliding against each other from sliding friction, in narrowing of its application field due to sparking that occurs then between them. Besides, the rotary anchor windings somewhat limit the possible maximum angular speed of its rotor rotation. In the proposed DC machine design the anchor winding is fixed, and an inductor rotates, being made of permanent magnets and a central magnetic conductor, installed on a common rotation shaft, besides, instead the movable collector with the brush contacts sliding on them, it applies a fixed collector, made of three hollows cylinders, in inner surfaces of which two pairs of diametrically opposite electroconductive caterpillars move simultaneously, being displaced from each other not only along the rotation shaft by the required distance, but also by 90 degrees along the circle. In this case the fixed collector with electroconductive caterpillars at any time of the rotor rotation provides such current directions in the anchor winding, when in the area of poles of the permanent magnets of various polarity there will always be conductors with opposite directions of the currents. With such distribution of the anchor currents, electromagnet forces from their interaction with the magnetic field of the inductor will act in concord, which makes it possible for the machine to develop a maximum torque. In the generator mode, AC currents are available in the anchor winding conductors of the proposed DC machine, and they arrive along the connecting wires to the fixed collector with movable electroconductive caterpillars, by means of which they will flow into the outer circuit as a certain load, but already as rectified. ^ EFFECT: significant increase of the machine wear resistance, expansion of its application field and increased reliability in operation. ^ 2 dwg |
