| 摘要 |
<p><PICT:1000480/C4-C5/1> Apparatus for the production of acetylene by the partial combustion of a gaseous hydrocarbon comprises, in series, a mixing chamber 3 for preheated hydrocarbon and oxygen, a distributer 4 comprising divergent tubes 13, a reaction chamber 6 and means 8, e.g. water sprays, for quenching the combustion. Steam may be added to the oxygen and/or methane feed gases and the gases pass through the mixing chamber at a speed greater than the propagation of the flame. Nozzles 7 are constructed as burners having coaxial tubes through which secondary oxygen, hydrogen and steam are introduced to form a stabilizing flame. The distributer may take the form, as shown, of two plates 9 and 10 with connecting tubes 13. Alternatively the tubes 13 may project beyond the lower plate, the spaces between the tubes may be filled with refractory, in which case the plates may be omitted or the distributer may be a refractory with conduits therein. In the embodiment shown water under pressure, e.g. at 16 atmospheres, and 200 DEG C., is circulated through the distributer and forms a source of steam. The ratio of the areas of the upper to the lower plates of the distributer should be between 0 and 1, preferably between 0.2 and 0.8, and such that the speed of the gases in the reaction chamber is below the flame propagation speed whereby a stable flame is formed. The ratio of areas should vary inversely with the reaction pressure.</p> |
