| 摘要 |
The conversion of hydrocarbons is effected by contacting said hydrocarbons under conversion conditions with a catalyst of a crystalline metal aluminosilicate which has been treated prior to completion of said conversion with an activating agent, which catalyst has a rigid three-dimensional network made up of unit cells characterized by the substantial absence of change in unit cell dimensions upon dehydration and rehydration and a uniform pore structure of 3-15 Angstrom units in diameter. The activating is selected from nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, cryano nitro compounds, metal nitrites and nitrates, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, methyl mercaptan and hydrogen selenide. Conversions specified are cracking of paraffinic, olefinic, aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof, e.g. those boiling in the missing text range, disproportionation of aromatics, missing text alcohols to olefins and ethers, missing text of olefins, missing text and dealkylation of missing text The examples describe the missing text hexane and the disproportionation of missing text into benzene and xylenes.ALSO:A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is prepared by treating a crystalline metal alumino-silicate with an activating agent selected from nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, organo-nitro compounds, metal nitrites and nitrates, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, methyl mercaptan and hydrogen selenide, said catalyst having a rigid three-dimensional network made up of unit cells characterized by a substantial absence of change in unit cell dimensions upon dehydration and rehydration and a uniform pore structure of 3-15 Angstrom units in diameter. Aluminosilicates specified are chabazite, gmelinite, mesolite, ptiliolite, mordenite, natrolite, nepheline, sodalite, scapolite, lazurite, leucite, cancrinite and zeolites A, X, Y, T and ZK. The alkali metal, e.g. sodium generally contained in the natural or synthetic zeolite may be partially or completely replaced by other metal ions, e.g. lithium, potassium, calcium, strontium, magnesium, cobalt, zinc, silver, nickel, copper, chromium, iron, zirconium, thorium, beryllium, manganese, palladium, tin, rhenium, aluminium, gold, platinum, cadmium, mercury, lanthanum, cerium and other rare earth metals. The aluminosilicate may be treated with the activating agent by contacting with the agent in the liquid gaseous state or by soaking in a solution of the agent. The amount of activating agent employed may be 0.05-25% by weight of the alumino-silicate. Example describes treating zeolite 13X with an aqueous solution of a mixture of rare earth chlorides and then activating with hydrogen sulphide.ALSO:A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is prepared by treating a crystalline metal aluminosilicate with an activating agent selected from nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, organonitro compounds, metal nitrates and nitrates, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, methyl mercaptan and hydrogen selenide, said catalyst having a rigid three-dimensional network made up of unit cells characterized by a substantial absence of change in unit cell dimensions upon dehydration and rehydration and a uniform pore structure of 3-15 Angstrom units in diameter. Aluminosilicates specified are chabazite, gmelinite, mesolite, ptiliolite, mordenite, natrolite, nepheline, sodalite, scapolite, lazurite, leucite, cancrinite and zeolites A, X, Y, T and ZK. The alkali metal e.g. sodium generally contained in the natural or synthetic zeolite may be partially or completely replaced by other metal ions e.g. lithium, potassium, calcium, strontium, magnesium, cobalt, zinc, silver, nickel, copper, chromium, iron, zirconium, thorium, beryllium, manganese, palladium, tin, rhenium, aluminium, gold, platinum, cadmium, mercury, lanthanum, cerium and other rare earth metals. The aluminosilicate may be employed directly as a catalyst or combined with a suitable support or binder e.g. activated charcoal, mullite, kieselguhr, bauxite, silicon carbide, sintered alumina, clays, dried inorganic oxide gels and gelatinous precipitates of alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesia thoria, titania, baria and mixtures thereof. The aluminosilicate may be combined with and distributed throughout a gel matrix by dispersing in powdered form in an inorganic oxide hydrosol, The gel employed may be a cogel of silica and at least one oxide of metals of Groups IIA, IIIB and IVA e.g. silica/alumina, silica/magnesia, silica/zirconia, silica/thoria, silica/beryllia, silica/titania, silica/alumina/thoria, silica/alumina zirconia, silica/alumina/magnesia and silica/magnesia/zirconia. The aluminosilicate may be treated with the activating agent by contacting with the agent in the liquid or gaseous state or by soaking in a solution of the agent. The amount of activating agent employed may be 0.05-25% by weight of the alumino-silicate. Example describes treating zeolite 13X with an aqueous solution of a mixture or rare earth chlorides and then activating with hydrogen sulphide. |
