| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture. ^ SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of agriculture. Method to estimate crop capacity of dyer's saffron for green fodder includes optimisation of harvesting timing, establishment of daily average temperatures sum from sowing to "branching" phase and quantity of past precipitation, calculation of hydrothermal coefficient in the period of appearance of the first two-three real leaves to "budding" phase and detection of green material crop capacity by calculation. As twenty days expire since full sprouts appear and during subsequent ten days, at the level of day surface of the field, stems of dyer's saffron are cut from areas of 1 m2 three times repeatedly, and forecasted crop capacity of green material to the end of "budding" phase is calculated by formula where y - forecasted crop capacity of green material, kg/ha; M2 - average mass of vegetative sprouts from area of 1 m2 as 30 days expire after full sprouts, g; M1 - average mass of vegetative sprouts from area of 1 m2 as 20 days expire after full sprouts, g; Ggr - hydrothermal coefficient of growth conditions from the moment of sowing to the "budding" phase in preceding period, mm/C; Gm - hydrothermal coefficient of vegetation conditions in forecasted year from the moment of sowing to "branching" phase, mm/C; - coefficient taking into account stocks of available moisture in layer of 0-0.3 m in the period of vegetation; ë - coefficient taking into account provision of plants with heat in the period of vegetation, C/day; d1 - coefficient taking into account effect of nutrient substances stocks in soil; d2 - coefficient taking into account effect of applied mineral fertilisers NPK to form green material; B - coefficient taking into account sort properties of saffron plants for formation and accumulation of green material; P - period of vegetation from sowing to "blossoming" phase, days; t - sum of accumulated temperatures of over +5C, C. In method for estimation of saffron oil seeds crop capacity, in "branching" phase of dyer's saffron plants, number of stems is established on land plots five times in a row per 1 m2, as well as number of primary branches, in "budding" phase number of buds is calculated on primary branches, and forecasted crop capacity of dyer's saffron oil seeds is calculated using formula where Q - forecasted crop capacity of dyer's saffron oil seeds, kg/ha. ^ EFFECT: methods to assess potential crop capacity of green material and oil seeds provide for improved validity of forecasting results. ^ 3 cl, 4 tbl |
