| 摘要 |
<PICT:1063297/C4-C5/1> In a method intended for use in the cracking of hydrocarbons, for introducing the reactant fluids into a reaction tube 1, the fluids are introduced separately into the inlet end of the tube at a pressure such that the pressure drop across the tube inlet is substantially greater than the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the tube. The delivery pressure may, for example, be at least 1.1 times the pressure under which the reaction is to be effected. The delivery of the reactants is made at regulated intervals. An apparatus shown for carrying out the method comprises a conical nozzle 7 at the narrow end of which is an inlet 5 for the liquid hydrocarbons. The nozzle has a perforated wall and is surrounded by an annular space 8 into which high pressure superheated stream is admitted through an inlet 4. The stream passes through the perforations into the nozzle where it mixes with the hydrocarbons, the mixture being ejected from the nozzle into the tube 1 which contains a catalyst (unspecified). The tube 1 comprises an inner tube 13 and an outer tube 14 and the reacting fluids pass upwardly through the inner tube and downwardly between the tubes 13, 14 to an outlet 17. A proportion of the fluid is drawn by an induction nozzle 16 through ports 15 back into the inner tube and recirculated. The flow through ports 15 is controlled by a flanged plate member 11 which has ports in its flange 18 corresponding to ports 15 and, by means of handles 19, is rotated on the axis of the tube 1 to align the corresponding ports more or less as necessary to control recirculation flow through the nozzle 16. In a further form described (Fig. 4, not shown) also incorporating inner and outer tubes 13, 14, a tubular member (24) surrounds and is fixed to the nozzle 7. The tubular member (24) has ports therein corresponding to the ports 15 in the inner tube 13, the assembly (7, 24) forming a unitary mounting which can be rotated to control recirculation flow through the ports 15 to the nozzle 16. |
