| 摘要 |
Provided is an actuator which has high degree of integration and can reduce a difference of the developed force depending on a direction of displacement, and obtain a substantially uniform developed force over all directions. The actuator including a laminate which includes: a pair of electrode layers; an ion-conducting layer that is held between the pair of electrode layers; and an insulating layer that is disposed on one of the pair of electrode layers, in which the laminate forms a multilayer structure that is spirally wound around a conductive shaft, and multiple notches are formed in at least a partial region of the multilayer structure.
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