| 摘要 |
1,260,223. Automatic control of aircraft. UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP. April 1, 1969 [May 29, 1968], No. 17059/69. Heading G3R. In a closed-loop system for controlling the attitude of an aircraft about an axis, signals dependent on rate of turn and attitude about the axis control first means operating an appropriate control surface to a limited extent, the attitude signals also controlling second means in series with the first means at a limited rate. As shown, with switch 46 closed to disable a synchronizer 50, signals dependent on deviations of aircraft attitude, e.g. the roll or pitch attitude of a helicopter, derived from a gyro 42, are applied through amplifiers 52, 68 to operate a hydraulic valve 70 controlling the position of a hydraulic positional follow-up servomotor 74 the rate of operation of which is limited by a flow limiter 72. Servomotor 74 stabilizes the attitude on a long term basis by adjustment of the appropriate control surface through coupling 76 and a differential mechanism 26. To maintain a desired speed, the output of a Doppler radar unit 44 is compared with a signal representing the desired speed from a potentiometer 56 and any difference, with an integral component added at 62, is applied at 60 to modify the stabilized attitude and thereby correct the speed. The signal from integrator 62 may be nulled and the speed error signal introduced by a fade-in circuit 58 without shock when switch 46 is closed to introduce the automatic speed control. The limited rate of operation allows time for changeover to manual control by the pilot before a hard-over condition is reached under fault conditions. Short term changes of attitude are detected by a rate gyro 12 signals from which are applied through an amplifier 16 to operate a hydraulic valve 18 controlling the position of a hydraulic positional followup servomotor 20 which stabilizes the attitude by modifying control surface position, through differential mechanism 26, to an extent which is limited mechanically at 22. Attitude deviation signals produced by gyro 42 are also applied through a signal limiter 84 to operate servomotor 20 so that a limited quick response is provided for short term deviations detected by gyro 42. When switch 46 is opened to disable control by gyro 42 and Doppler radar 44, a unit 48 renders an integrator 34 effective to add an attitude deviation component to the signals from rate gyro 12. Under these conditions if it is desired to change attitude, a control column 40 is operated to adjust the control surface mechanically and a signal applied through a differentiator 36 to cancel any opposition integrator 34 would otherwise produce. |
