FUEL CELL, PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURE OF FUEL CELL, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, ENZYME-IMMOBILIZED ELECTRODE, BIOSENSOR, ENERGY CONVERSION ELEMENT, CELL, CELL ORGANELLE, AND BACTERIUM

摘要

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell which can generate electric energy by confining one or more kinds of enzymes and optionally a coenzyme in a small space and carrying out an enzymatic reaction utilizing the space as a reaction zone to thereby remove electrons from glucose or the like efficiently, and which enables the immobilization of the enzyme and optionally the coenzyme onto an electrode readily; and a process for manufacturing the fuel cell.SOLUTION: An enzyme-immobilized electrode is produced by encapsulating an enzyme 13, 14 and a coenzyme 15, which are required for an enzymatic reaction, into a liposome 12 and immobilizing the liposome 12 onto the surface of an electrode comprising a porous carbon material or the like. An antibiotic 16 is bound to a lipid bilayer membrane that composes the liposome 12, thereby forming one or more holes 17 through which glucose can pass. The enzyme-immobilized electrode can be used, for example, as a negative electrode for a biofuel cell.