| 摘要 |
The vitality of bacteria and other living cells used in fermentation process and in the manufacture of vaccines, vitamins, antibiotics and drugs is measured by determining the depth X in a uniform liquid layer, of depth d, of freshly grown bacteria at which the bacteria have zero observed electrophoratic velocity, determining the depth Xm at which the bacteria of the sample to be measured have zero observed electrophoretic velocity under the same conditions for determining Xw, and calculating the percentage vitality Z from the equation <FORM:0771245/VI/1> for cells moving towards the anode or cathode respectively, where X1 is the depth at which the velocity of the suspension fluid is zero, and is calculated from the formula <FORM:0771245/VI/2> An apparatus is shown consisting essentially of two glass plates spaced at 0.05-0.5 cms. (depth d) to contain the liquid layer, electrodes for applying a potential difference, a voltmeter, a milli- or micro-ammeter, and a variable resistance. The various depths referred to are measured by the micrometer of a microscope.
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