| 摘要 |
An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier; a charging device that charges a surface of the image carrier; an exposure device that forms an electrostatic latent image on the charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that forms a toner image by transferring toner to the electrostatic latent image from a developing member opposed to the image carrier; and a transfer device that either directly transfers the toner image onto a recording medium or transfers the toner image onto a recording medium after the toner image is temporarily transferred onto an intermediate transfer member.
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