| 摘要 |
FIELD: agriculture. ^ SUBSTANCE: method includes preparation of soil for planting of grafts, preparation of grafts from mature vine, placement of grafts for long-term storage, planting of grafts, vegetation watering, additional fertilising of macro- and microelements and protection of seedlings against agricultural pests and diseases. In prevernal period or in cold years in the first decade of April strips with width of up to 1.5 m are tilled for depth of 0.4 m. From upper loose layer of soil a flat ridge is formed with width of 1.2 m and height of 0.18...0.24 m. Between technological tracks, onto compacted surface of flat ridge, wood ash is evenly distributed with a norm of 150Ç250 g/m. Two flexible watering pipelines are laid onto ridge with water outlets of trickle irrigation system with pitch of 0.2 m between water outlets. Each ridge is covered with light-permeable film, edges of film are shifted into technological tracks and filled with soil. During heating of soil under film in a layer of 0.18...0.24 m up to temperature of +20C, shortened grafts are planted with two - three buds with pitch of planting of 0.12Ç0.13 m in two rows along flexible watering pipelines. And if soil temperature is higher than +35C, local cuts are made in film with pitch of 1 m across the ridge with width of 0.6Ç0.8 m. If air temperature is higher than +40C, whitewash is sprayed onto light permeable film. Machine for formation of ridges for growth of ungrafted vine seedlings comprises frame, brackets of mounting onto traction rods of unitised tractor and support wheels. Machine is equipped with tiller stands serially installed on frame with the possibility of re-arrangement along depth of cultivation and width of grip, spherical disk working elements, the left and right mouldboards, smooth packing cylindrical roller, shaft with cassettes of flexible watering pipelines, guides of flexible watering pipelines, hopper for ash with ash sowing device driven from support wheel, the left and right mouldboards to form slopes of ridge, supporting axle for bobbin with light permeable film, guide rollers to bend edges of film at slopes of ridge, the left and right hoes to fill edges of film with soil. ^ EFFECT: group of inventions makes it possible to increase yield of standard seedlings with a limited number of grafts from promising kinds of grape and to reduce manual labour expenses. ^ 4 cl, 8 dwg, 2 tbl |
