| 摘要 |
A process for refining raw materials containing oil and/or bitumen includes supplying water and the raw materials to an expulsion stage and/or an expulsion stage and a downstream gasification stage to obtain solids containing non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons and to expel hydrocarbonaceous vapour. The expelled hydrocarbonaceous vapour is supplied to a processing stage and is further processed to expel hydrocarbonaceous vapour to obtain processing stage products which are separated and withdrawn. The solids from the expulsion stage and/or the expulsion stage and the downstream gasification stage are introduced into a combustion stage. The non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons are burned in the combustion stage to obtain hot solids which are recirculated from the combustion stage into the expulsion stage and/or the downstream gasification stage. An oxidizing atmosphere of the combustion stage is separated from an atmosphere of the expulsion stage and/or the downstream gasification stage using a blocking device.
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