METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS FROM GASEOUS PRODUCTS OF THE PLASMA TREATMENT OF SOLID WASTES (VARIANTS)

摘要

The invention relates to the field of the processing of solid wastes, with subsequent production of hydrocarbons from the gaseous products of the plasma treatment of the wastes. Deep refining of the gaseous products of plasma treatment of solid wastes with production of an additional amount of hydrocarbons is achieved by means of plasma pyrolysis of the wastes with the aid of one or more plasmotrons, with the formation of slag and pyrogas, with subsequent purification of the pyrogas to remove solid particles and gaseous impurities, recuperation of the heat of the pyrogas with production of superheated steam and conversion of part of the pyrogas using a process of steam reforming of pyrogas hydrocarbons, where the pyrogas purified from solid particles, tars and gaseous impurities is heated by means of the heat of the initial stream of pyrogas and is separated into two pyrogas streams, the first of which is successively passed into a gas-turbine unit, which is fitted with an electrical generator and generates electrical power, and into a waste heat boiler which generates superheated steam, while the second pyrogas stream is passed to a stage of purification from carbon dioxide and to a hydrocarbon production stage using the Fischer-Tropsch process with subsequent separation of the hydrocarbons into methane, light hydrocarbon fractions, kerosene and diesel fuel and delivery of the separated methane as two streams to the steam reforming stage and to a carbon dioxide reforming stage with the production in these stages of an additional amount of synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and delivery of this to the hydrocarbon production stage using the Fischer-Tropsch process, the superheated steam produced in the waste heat boiler being separated into two streams, one of which is passed to the steam reforming stage, and the second to a steam-turbine unit which is fitted with an electrical generator and produces electrical power, with subsequent condensation of the steam, producing condensate which is passed to the waste heat boiler.