| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow heat source which converts electric energy into thermal energy with high efficiency. SOLUTION: The hollow heat source includes a heating element, at least two electrodes electrically connected to the heating element, and a reflection layer. The heating element has a hollow structure including a carbon nanotube complex, and the carbon nanotube complex includes a carbon nanotube structure having a self-standing structure and a substrate material, and the carbon nanotube structure and the substrate material are combined. The carbon nanotube structure includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
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