| 摘要 |
573,408. Removing oil from water. SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO. Aug. 17, 1943, No. 13347. Convention date, Sept. 22, 1942. [Class 46] [Also in Group XXI] Oily impurities are removed from water by contact with an inert solid presenting large surfaces and having deposited thereon a cation surface active bonding agent for the solid and the oily impurities, the cation of such bonding agent containing at least eight carbon atoms in a single carbon chain in which the carbon atoms are not interrupted by other elements. An anion surface active bonding agent may be used additionally. Sand, silt, clay, limestone, silica, glass dust, metal filings, fibre, chaff, straw, may be used as the inert body which should be in particles of less than “-inch diameter and containing a sufficiency of "fines." For the bonding agent there may be used amines or quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, arsonium, stibonium, or ternary sulfonium bases or salts thereof, all of which bases should contain at least eight carbon atoms in a single carbon chain in which the carbon atoms are not interrupted by other elements and should preferably contain one long chain aliphatic radical of eight or more carbon atoms. Oily impurities present in less than one per cent. are removed. Various examples are given in the Specification. If the bonding agent is insoluble in water it may be deposited by vaporization and condensation on the inert solid. The water to be treated may be passed through a filter bed of the coated solid, shaken up with solid, or a slurry of the solid and the water may be passed through a section of pipe. Where a film of oil on a body of water is to be removed the coated solid may be sprayed on the water either dry or as an aqueous slurry. The separation of the oilcoated solid from the treated water may be effected by filtration, centrifuging, decantation, or settlement. The oil may be recovered from the coated solid or removed by burning. The invention may be applied for the prevention of fire by sinking any oil layer in harbour waters, harbour mud being used for the inert solid and treated with the bonding agent and the slurry ejected through a nozzle.
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