| 摘要 |
BEFORE and/or AFTER the ISOTHERMOBARIC phases (dT=0),(dp=0), of BOILING, the PHYSICAL STATE of a MIXTURE M=(M'+M'), formed by a LIQUID (M') with its VAPOR (M'), is defined (GIBBS) by STATE EQUATIONS of the type p=f(T,x) that include the PRESSURE (p), TEMPERATURE (T) and CONCENTRATION (x=M'/M) of (M). In particular, all the TRANSFORMATIONS p=f(T,x0) at constant concentration (dx=0) occur (fig.3) on the LINE of EQUAL CONCENTRATION (FC),(dx=0), between the two CURVE LIMITS (AC)3(BC), of the FIELD (ACBA). In these transformations we obtain the FIRST SIDES (OP),(dx=0), of the unexpected ENTROPIC CYCLES (O,P,3,4,5,O) where the EFFICIENCY increases ?(x0>0), becoming UNITARY ?(x0=x5), from the CYCLE (5,M,3,4,5),(fig.5) to the CYCLE (N,3,4,5,N),(fig.7). These particular THERMAL CYCLE (figs 5,7), without CONDENSATION, may have a REMARKABLE application in the use of REFRIGERATOR FLUIDS at temperatures (e.g. FREON) where energetic EXCHANGES (dQ,dL) may almost be FREE, attaining (might we say) the utopist SECOND TYPE of PERPETUAL MOTION. |
