| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to obtaining urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide. As a result of ammonia and carbon dioxide interaction at high pressure in reactor obtained is water solution, which contains urea, ammonium carbamate and ammonia. From obtained water solution carbamate and ammonia are separated by decomposing carbamate and thermal evaporation of ammonia and carbon dioxide in stripping apparatus, obtaining ammonia and carbon dioxide, which after that are again condensed in condenser obtaining carbamate, which is returned to reactor. All stages together with reaction of synthesis are carried out in fact at one and the same pressure. In addition, into reactor additionally supplied is passivating oxygen, obtained as a result of interaction waste gases, which contain carbon dioxide, ammonia and passivating oxygen which did not take part in the reaction, are removed from reactor and are supplied into bottom part of stripping apparatus for passivation of at least part of its internal surfaces. Installation for obtaining urea contains communicating with each other and forming closed high pressure contour reactor, stripping apparatus, condenser, section of final urea purification and pipelines for supply into reactor of carbon dioxide and ammonia. It is equipped with pipeline for supply into reactor of passivating oxygen and pipeline for connecting upper part of reactor with bottom part of stripping apparatus. ^ EFFECT: ensuring even and efficient passivation of all apparatuses of high pressure contour. ^ 13 cl, 2 dwg |
