Multi-phased, biodegradable and osteointegrative composite scaffold for biological fixation of musculoskeletal soft tissue to bone

摘要

Methods and apparatuses are provided for musculoskeletal tissue engineering. For example, a scaffold apparatus is provided which comprises microspheres of selected sizes and/or composition. The microspheres are layered to have a gradient of microsphere sizes and/or compositions. The scaffold provides a functional interface between multiple tissue types.