| 摘要 |
Esters of a , b -unsaturated polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides, prepared with an excess of 2.3 to 15 per cent. of one or more long chain aliphatic alcohols are copolymerised with one or more low molecular weight vinyl compounds, e.g. vinyl acetate or butyrate, isopropenyl acetate, a -chlorvinyl acetate, styrene, a -methyl styrene and acrylonitrile, in the presence of the said excess of alcohol and a catalyst. Esters of e.g., fumaric, maleic, citraconic, mesaconic, itaconic, and aconitic acids and alcohols such as octyl, iso-octyl, 2-ethyl hexyl, nonyl, 2, 2, 4,4-tetramethylamyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, cetyl, stearyl or a mixture of methyl and stearyl alcohols and hydrogenated coconut oil alcohols may be used. Single alcohols contain an average of 8 to 18 carbon atoms and if a mixture is used an average of 7.5 carbon atoms is necessary. Catalysts, e.g. hydrogen, benzoyl and lauroyl peroxides, cumene, urea and t-butyl hydroperoxides, potassium and ammonium persulphates, t-butyl perbenzoate or redox systems such as benzoin and ferric laurate are used in bulk or solution polymerization in such solvents as naphtha, lubricating oil fractions, white oil, benzene, toluene, esters, ethers, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, or suspension or emulsion polymeriations using a soap and a water soluble catalyst. In examples a fumarate ester of a coconut oil alcohol mixture prepared with 2.3 per cent. excess of alcohol is copolymerised with vinyl acetate in bulk or with white oil as a diluent. The products are useful as lubricating oil additives.ALSO:Copolymers of esters of b -unsaturated polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides prepared with excess of 2.3 to 15 per cent. of one or more long chain aliphatic alcohols, and one or more low molecular weight vinyl compounds e.g. vinyl acetate, or butyrate, isopropenyl acetate, a -chlorovinyl acetate, styrene, a -methyl styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of the said excess of alcohol and a catalyst, are used as lubricating oil additives. In examples a fumarate ester of a coconut oil alcohol mixture prepared with a 2.3 per cent. excess of alcohol is copolymerized with vinyl acetate in bulk or with white oil as a diluent. Pour point depressants are preferably those using alcohols having 11 to 15 carbon atoms per molecule and the viscosity index improvers are those using alcohols in the range of 8 to 10 carbon atoms per molecule. |
