| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to catalytic methods of processing methane through direct and/or oxidative chlorination. For oxychlorination of methane, hydrogen chloride is taken in volume ratio to methane equal to 0.5-1:1, oxygen is taken in total volume ratio to hydrogen chloride in the range of 0.58-0.68:1 and at the oxidative chlorination step of the process in mass ratio of 3.5-4:1 to unreacted hydrogen chloride. Water is added, through which unreacted hydrogen chloride in the composition of the formed hydrochloric acid is returned into the process to the methane oxychlorination step. The process also includes the following steps: pyrolysis of methyl chloride obtained at the methane chlorination and/or oxychlorination step to obtain lower olefins, mainly ethylene, oxidative chlorination of the obtained ethylene to dichloroethane, thermal dehydrochlorination of the obtained dichloroethane to vinyl chloride. The catalyst for direct and/or oxidative chlorination of methane used is a mixture of copper, potassium and lanthanum chlorides in molar ratio of 1:1:0.3, deposited in amount of 3-30 wt % on a porous support with specific surface area of 1-60 m2/g. Pyrolysis of methyl chloride is carried out in a reactor with a fluidised bed of a silicoalumophosphate catalyst of the SAPO-34 type at pressure of 2-5 atm and temperature of 400-500C. ^ EFFECT: design of a chlorine-balanced method of processing natural gas to obtain methyl chloride, lower olefins, mainly ethylene, dichloroethane and vinyl chloride. ^ 7 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex |
