| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: reactor for producing semi-active technical carbon has a combustion chamber 1 whose diametre is equal that of reaction chamber 3, a mixing zone 2 and a cooling zone 4. The length of the combustion chamber is 1.8-2 times its diametre. On the front end cover of the combustion chamber 1 there are burners 6 for supplying a mixture of fuel and air with excess coefficient of 1.2-1.3. There is complete combustion of the fuel mixture at over 1750C on the inner surface of the combustion chamber 1. Streams of combustion gases formed move at 60-70 m/s and enter the mixing zone 2 at 130-150 m/s due to the small cross section of the convergent tube. Liquid hydrocarbon material sprayed with air at high pressure and temperature of 60-80C is radially fed through pneumatic mechanical sprayers 8. The ratio of the speed of material to that of combustion gases in the mixing zone 2 is equal to 1:(3-5). The stream of hydrocarbon-gas mixture formed enters the reaction chamber 3 at lower speed due to widening of the diffuser and there is an evaporation zone at 1450-1550C the beginning of the reaction chamber, followed a pyrolysis zone at 1320-1380C, where the material undergoes thermal-oxidative decomposition to form an aerosol of technical carbon. The obtained aerosol is pre-cooled in the cooling zone 4 by spraying chemically purified water and finally through a recuperative heat exchanger with process air. ^ EFFECT: process intensification with preservation of quality of technical carbon, longer time between repairs of the reactor, minimisation of expenses. ^ 2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl |
