HYDROGEN TREATMENT METHODS AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF IMPROVING EXISTING FIXED LAYER SYSTEMS

摘要

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a fixed layer hydrogen treatment system, as well as methods of improving the existing fixed layer hydrogen treatment systems, involving preconcentration of heavy oil material in one or more suspension-phase reactors using a colloidal or molecular catalyst and further hydrogen treatment of the concentrated material in one or more fixed layer reactors using a supported porous catalyst. The colloidal or molecular catalyst is formed in situ by directly mixing a catalyst precursor composition with heavy oil material and raising temperature of the material to temperature above decomposition point of the catalyst precursor composition. Asphaltene and other hydrocarbon molecules which are in any case are too large for diffusion into pores of the fixed bed catalyst may be impregnated by the colloidal or molecular catalyst. One or more suspension-phase reactors may be made and placed upstream from one or more fixed layer reactors of the existing fixed layer hydrogen treatment system and/or converted from one or more existing fixed layer reactors. ^ EFFECT: higher conversion level, higher catalyst activity. ^ 78 cl, 6 ex, 5 tbl, 29 dwg